19. The Blood Vessels

Identify the major arteries in the following diagram.

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a. ___

b. ___

c. ___

d. ___

e. ___

f. ___

g. ___

h. ___

i. ___

The blood vessels that play the most important role in regulating blood pressure and blood flow to a tissue are the:

(a) Arteries

(b) Arterioles

(c) Veins

(d) Venules

(e) Capillaries

The baroreceptors in the carotid sinus and aortic arch are sensitive to

a. a decrease in CO₂

b. changes in arterial pressure

c. a decrease in O₂

d. all of these

The myocardium receives its blood supply directly from the:

a. Aorta

b. Coronary arteries

c. Coronary sinus

d. Pulmonary arteries

Using the letters from column B, match the artery descriptions in column A. (Note that some require more than a single choice.)

Column A 

____  (1) unpaired branch of abdominal aorta 

____  (2) second branch of aortic arch 

____ 3) branch of internal carotid 

____ (4) branch of external carotid 

____  (5) origin of femoral arteries

Column B

a. right common carotid

b. superior mesenteric

c. left common carotid

d. external iliac

e. inferior mesenteric

f. superficial temporal

g. celiac trunk

h. facial

i. ophthalmic

j. internal iliac

The two arteries formed by the division of the brachiocephalic trunk are the:

(a) Aorta and internal carotid

(b) Axillary and brachial

(c) External and internal carotid

(d) Common carotid and subclavian

The unpaired arteries supplying blood to the visceral organs include:

(a) The adrenal, renal, and lumbar arteries

(b) The iliac, gonadal, and femoral arteries

(c) The celiac and superior and inferior mesenteric arteries

(d) All of these

The paired arteries supplying blood to the body wall and other structures outside the abdominopelvic cavity include the:

a) Left gastric, hepatic, splenic, and phrenic arteries

(b) Adrenal, colic, lumbar, and gonadal arteries

(c) Iliac, femoral, and lumbar arteries

(d) Celiac, left gastric, and superior and inferior mesenteric arteries

Distinguish between elastic arteries, muscular arteries, and arterioles relative to location, histology, and functional adaptations.

A 60-year-old man is unable to walk more than 100 yards without experiencing severe pain in his left leg; the pain is relieved by resting for 5–10 minutes. He is told that the arteries of his leg are becoming occluded with fatty material and is advised to have the sympathetic nerves serving that body region severed. Explain how such surgery might help to relieve this man's problem.

Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.

Muscular arteries control blood flow at the tissue level.

Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.

Arteries are the exchange vessels of the cardiovascular system.

Match the following arteries with the correct description. 

__Radial artery      

__Celiac trunk      

__Basilar artery       

__Superior mesenteric artery      

__Dorsalis pedis artery      

__Femoral artery      

__Internal iliac artery      

__Renal artery      

__Internal carotid artery      

__Subclavian artery

a. Supplies the small intestine and most of the large intestine 

b. Supplies the pelvis 

c. Supplies the upper limb 

d. Located in the lateral forearm 

e. Provides the blood supply to the lower limb 

f. Supplies the brain via the anterior and middle cerebral arteries 

g. Large single branch off the aorta that supplies the liver, stomach, duodenum, and spleen 

h. Supplies the foot and ankle 

i. Supplies the kidney 

j. Forms from the fusion of the two vertebral arteries 

Which of the following is not a common pulse point?

a. Femoral artery

b. Subclavian artery

c. Common carotid artery

d. Brachial artery