16. The Endocrine System

The use of a chemical messenger to transfer information from cell to cell within a single tissue is referred to as _____ communication.

(a) Direct

(b) Paracrine

(c) Hormonal

(d) Endocrine

More than one choice may apply. Which is generally true of hormones?

a. Exocrine glands produce them.

b. They travel throughout the body in the blood.

c. They affect only non–hormone-producing organs.

d. All steroid hormones produce very similar physiological effects in the body.

FSH production in males supports:

(a) The maturation of sperm by stimulating nurse cells

(b) The development of muscles and strength

(c) The production of male sex hormones

(d) An increased desire for sexual activity

All of the following are true of the endocrine system, except that it:

(a) Releases chemicals into the bloodstream for distribution throughout the body

(b) Releases hormones that simultaneously alter the metabolic activities of many different tissues and organs

(c) Produces effects that can last for hours, days, and even longer

(d) Produces rapid, local, brief-duration responses to specific stimuli

(e) Functions to control ongoing metabolic processes.

Hormones

a. Are produced by exocrine glands

b. Are carried to all parts of the body in blood

c. Remain at constant concentration in the blood

d. Affect only non-hormone-producing organs

What are the four opposing effects of natriuretic peptides and angiotensin II?

What is the primary difference in the way the nervous and endocrine systems communicate with their target cells?

List some problems that elderly people might have as a result of decreasing hormone production.

Which of the following correctly describes the functions of the endocrine system?

a. Transport of blood through the body and through the lungs

b. Regulation of body functions through hormone secretion

c. Regulation of body functions through nerve impulses

d. Immunity and returning extra tissue fluid to the blood vessels

Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.

Autocrine signals affect the same cells that secrete them.