$$\text{Blood Volume (L)} = 0.07 \times 70$$

$$\text{Hematocrit} = \frac{\text{Volume of formed elements}}{\text{Total blood volume}} \times 100$$

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a function of blood in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Producing hormones for endocrine signaling

Question 2

A patient has a hematocrit of 60%. What does this indicate about their blood?

Accepted Answer

They have a higher than normal percentage of formed elements

Question 3

Which plasma protein is primarily responsible for maintaining osmotic pressure in the blood?

Accepted Answer

Albumins

Question 4

A person with type AB- blood can safely receive which of the following blood types in a transfusion?

Accepted Answer

Type O-

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the structure of a mature red blood cell (RBC)?

Accepted Answer

Biconcave disc, anucleate, lacks mitochondria

Question 6

Which of the following equations correctly estimates blood volume in liters for a person weighing 70 kg?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Blood Volume (L)} = 0.07 	imes 70$$

Question 7

A deficiency in which vitamin leads to pernicious anemia due to impaired erythropoiesis?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin B12

Question 8

Which of the following statements about hemoglobin is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Each hemoglobin molecule can bind up to four oxygen molecules

Question 9

Which white blood cell type is most abundant and is primarily responsible for phagocytizing bacteria?

Accepted Answer

Neutrophils

Question 10

A patient with jaundice is likely to have a buildup of which substance in their body?

Accepted Answer

Bilirubin

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the process of hemostasis?

Accepted Answer

It involves vascular spasm, platelet plug formation, and coagulation

Question 12

Which cell type is the precursor to platelets in the process of thrombocytopoiesis?

Accepted Answer

Megakaryocyte

Question 13

A woman who is Rh- becomes pregnant with an Rh+ fetus. What is the risk in subsequent pregnancies if she is not treated?

Accepted Answer

Her anti-Rh antibodies may attack the fetal RBCs, causing hemolytic disease of the newborn

Question 14

Which of the following is a function of basophils?

Accepted Answer

Release histamine and heparin during inflammation

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why plasma and interstitial fluid differ in protein composition?

Accepted Answer

Plasma proteins cannot cross capillary walls

Question 16

Which of the following equations correctly represents the calculation of hematocrit?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Hematocrit} = \frac{	ext{Volume of formed elements}}{	ext{Total blood volume}} 	imes 100$$

Question 17

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the fate of iron from hemoglobin after RBCs are broken down?

Accepted Answer

It is bound to transferrin and transported to red bone marrow for reuse

Question 18

Which white blood cell type is primarily responsible for antibody production?

Accepted Answer

B lymphocytes

Question 19

A patient with a high WBC count and abnormal WBCs is most likely suffering from which condition?

Accepted Answer

Leukemia

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the role of fibrinogen in the coagulation phase of hemostasis?

Accepted Answer

It is converted to insoluble fibrin, forming the meshwork of a blood clot

Chapter 19: Blood – Structure, Function, and Clinical Relevance

Study Guide - Practice Questions