$$F_{muscle} = \\frac{F_{load} \\times d_{load}}{d_{muscle}}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the role of ATP in the sliding filament theory of muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

ATP hydrolysis causes the myosin head to detach from actin and re-cock into a high-energy position.

Question 2

Which muscle is primarily responsible for flexion of the forearm at the elbow?

Accepted Answer

Biceps brachii

Question 3

A patient presents with difficulty abducting their arm. Which muscle is most likely injured?

Accepted Answer

Deltoid

Question 4

Which of the following best describes an isometric muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

The muscle length remains the same while tension increases.

Question 5

Which structure in the sarcomere shortens during muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

I band

Question 6

What is the primary function of the gastrocnemius muscle?

Accepted Answer

Plantar flexion of the foot

Question 7

Which of the following best describes saltatory conduction?

Accepted Answer

Action potentials jump from one node of Ranvier to the next, increasing conduction speed.

Question 8

Which neurotransmitter is most commonly released at the neuromuscular junction to stimulate skeletal muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

Acetylcholine

Question 9

Which brain structure is responsible for regulating basic life functions such as heart rate and breathing?

Accepted Answer

Medulla oblongata

Question 10

A lesion in which area of the brain would most likely result in loss of voluntary motor control on the right side of the body?

Accepted Answer

Left primary motor cortex

Question 11

Which of the following is a function of the hypothalamus?

Accepted Answer

Regulation of body temperature

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the function of the rotator cuff muscles?

Accepted Answer

Stabilization of the shoulder joint

Question 13

During an action potential, what causes depolarization of the neuron membrane?

Accepted Answer

Influx of sodium ions

Question 14

Which of the following is true regarding the lever system in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Muscles act as the force, bones as the levers, and joints as the fulcrum.

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the function of the masseter muscle?

Accepted Answer

Elevation of the mandible during chewing

Question 16

Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

Binding of myosin to actin → Power stroke → ATP binding to myosin → Myosin detachment

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the function of the basal nuclei?

Accepted Answer

Regulation of voluntary motor movements and procedural learning

Question 18

Which of the following is a characteristic of white matter in the central nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Composed primarily of myelinated axons

Question 19

Which of the following is the correct formula for calculating the force produced by a muscle lever system?

Accepted Answer

$$F_{muscle} = \frac{F_{load} \times d_{load}}{d_{muscle}}$$

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the function of the primary auditory cortex?

Accepted Answer

Processing sound information

Exam 3 Study Guide: Muscular and Nervous System Concepts

Study Guide - Practice Questions