Question 1

Which of the following best describes the structural difference between lymphatic capillaries and blood capillaries?

Accepted Answer

Lymphatic capillaries are blind-ended with overlapping endothelial cells forming minivalves.

Question 2

A patient has swelling in the left lower limb. Which lymphatic duct is primarily responsible for draining lymph from this region?

Accepted Answer

Thoracic duct

Question 3

Which of the following is a key functional difference between lymph nodes and lymph nodules?

Accepted Answer

Lymph nodes have a capsule and filter lymph, while lymph nodules lack a capsule and are found in mucosal membranes.

Question 4

Which of the following structures is responsible for the maturation of T-lymphocytes?

Accepted Answer

Thymus

Question 5

A patient has an infection in the right upper limb. Through which lymphatic duct will lymph from this region most likely return to the venous system?

Accepted Answer

Right lymphatic duct

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the function of the red pulp in the spleen?

Accepted Answer

It filters blood and removes old erythrocytes.

Question 7

Which of the following is true regarding the conducting zone of the respiratory system?

Accepted Answer

It warms, moistens, and conducts air but does not participate in gas exchange.

Question 8

Which cartilage of the larynx forms a complete ring and is narrow anteriorly?

Accepted Answer

Cricoid cartilage

Question 9

Which of the following statements about the alveoli is correct?

Accepted Answer

Type I alveolar cells are simple squamous cells that form the primary site of gas exchange.

Question 10

A patient has a tumor compressing the left main bronchus. Which lung lobes could be affected?

Accepted Answer

Superior and inferior lobes of the left lung

Question 11

Which of the following best explains why the trachea contains C-shaped rings of hyaline cartilage?

Accepted Answer

To provide rigidity and flexibility, allowing the esophagus to expand during swallowing.

Question 12

Which of the following is a distinguishing feature of the palatine tonsils compared to other tonsils?

Accepted Answer

They are located on the lateral sides of the pharynx and contain crypts.

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the anatomical dead space in the respiratory system?

Accepted Answer

It is the volume of air in the conducting zone where no gas exchange occurs, approximately $$150\ \mathrm{ml}.$$

Question 14

Which of the following is true regarding the lymphatic trunks?

Accepted Answer

The intestinal trunk is unpaired and located near the posterior abdominal wall at the midline.

Question 15

Which of the following structures is NOT part of the lower respiratory tract?

Accepted Answer

Nasal cavity

Question 16

A blockage in the thoracic duct would most directly impair lymph drainage from which of the following regions?

Accepted Answer

Left upper limb

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the function of surfactant produced by type II alveolar cells?

Accepted Answer

It reduces surface tension in the alveoli, preventing collapse during exhalation.

Question 18

Which of the following statements about the pleural membranes is correct?

Accepted Answer

Each lung is surrounded by a double-layered pleural membrane, with the apex deep to the clavicle and the base resting on the diaphragm.

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct pairing of a lymphoid organ and its primary function?

Accepted Answer

Spleen – filters blood and removes old erythrocytes

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why the left lung has fewer lobes than the right lung?

Accepted Answer

The left lung is smaller due to the cardiac notch, accommodating the heart.

Lymphatic and Respiratory Systems: Structure and Function

Study Guide - Practice Questions