Question 1

Which of the following elements is NOT one of the six major elements that make up 98.5% of the human body by weight?

Accepted Answer

Sulfur

Question 2

A patient is experiencing muscle cramps and irregular heartbeats. Laboratory tests reveal an electrolyte imbalance. Which of the following ions is most likely involved in this scenario?

Accepted Answer

K+

Question 3

Which of the following best describes a covalent bond?

Accepted Answer

A bond formed by the sharing of one or more pairs of electrons between atoms

Question 4

Which of the following statements about water is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Water is a polar molecule, making it an excellent solvent for ions and other polar molecules.

Question 5

A solution has a pH of 4. Which of the following statements is correct?

Accepted Answer

The solution is acidic and has a high concentration of H+ ions.

Question 6

Which of the following best describes a decomposition reaction?

Accepted Answer

A large molecule breaks down into two or more smaller ones: $$AB \rightarrow A + B$$

Question 7

Which of the following is a trace element in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Zinc

Question 8

A molecule of sodium chloride (NaCl) forms when:

Accepted Answer

A sodium atom donates an electron to a chlorine atom, forming oppositely charged ions that attract

Question 9

Which of the following is an example of a suspension found in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Blood

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the role of antioxidants in the body?

Accepted Answer

They neutralize free radicals, preventing cellular damage

Question 11

Which of the following is a property of a solution?

Accepted Answer

Solute particles do not separate on standing

Question 12

Which of the following best describes anabolism?

Accepted Answer

Energy-storing synthesis reactions that require energy input

Question 13

Which of the following is TRUE about hydrogen bonds?

Accepted Answer

They are weak bonds that serve as bridges between molecules or parts of molecules

Question 14

Which of the following is an example of a synthesis reaction?

Accepted Answer

Amino acids combining to form a protein: $$A + B \rightarrow AB$$

Question 15

Which of the following statements about minerals is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

Minerals are organic elements extracted from soil by plants

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the difference between a molecule and a compound?

Accepted Answer

A compound is composed of two or more different elements, while a molecule can be composed of the same or different elements

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why electrolyte balance is critical in patient care?

Accepted Answer

Imbalances can cause effects ranging from muscle cramps to coma and cardiac arrest

Question 18

Which of the following is an example of potential energy in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Chemical energy stored in the bonds of glucose molecules

Question 19

Which of the following best describes a base?

Accepted Answer

A proton acceptor that releases OH– ions in water

Question 20

Which of the following is a real-life example of a colloid in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Blood plasma

The Chemistry of Life: Foundations for Anatomy & Physiology

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