Question 1

Which of the following best describes the main difference between innate and adaptive immunity?

Accepted Answer

Innate immunity is present at birth and responds quickly, while adaptive immunity develops after exposure and is specific to particular antigens.

Question 2

A patient receives a vaccine containing inactivated viral particles. Which type of immunity is primarily stimulated?

Accepted Answer

Artificially acquired active immunity

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a function of inflammation?

Accepted Answer

Decreases blood flow to the injured area

Question 4

Which cell type is primarily responsible for the production of antibodies?

Accepted Answer

Plasma cells

Question 5

A person with a genetic defect that prevents the formation of MHC proteins would most likely have problems with which immune process?

Accepted Answer

Activation of T cells

Question 6

Which of the following best explains why fever can be beneficial during an infection?

Accepted Answer

It causes the liver and spleen to sequester iron and zinc, which bacteria need to multiply.

Question 7

Which antibody class is most abundant in the secondary immune response and can cross the placental barrier?

Accepted Answer

IgG

Question 8

A patient is exposed to poison ivy and develops a delayed hypersensitivity reaction. Which immune cells are primarily responsible?

Accepted Answer

T cells (cell-mediated immunity)

Question 9

Which of the following is a correct sequence of events in phagocytosis?

Accepted Answer

Adherence, formation of phagolysosome, digestion, exocytosis

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the role of interferons in the immune response?

Accepted Answer

They warn neighboring cells of viral infection and activate antiviral defenses.

Question 11

A patient with AIDS is most likely to have a deficiency in which cell type?

Accepted Answer

Helper T cells

Question 12

Which of the following is a function of complement proteins in the immune system?

Accepted Answer

Enhancing inflammation and lysing bacteria

Question 13

Which of the following best explains why a person who has recovered from chickenpox is usually immune to future infections by the same virus?

Accepted Answer

Memory cells formed during the primary response respond rapidly to re-exposure.

Question 14

Which of the following is an example of a complete antigen?

Accepted Answer

A large foreign protein that can stimulate lymphocyte proliferation and antibody production

Question 15

Which process involves the movement of neutrophils out of the capillaries and into the tissues during inflammation?

Accepted Answer

Diapedesis

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the function of regulatory T cells?

Accepted Answer

They slow or stop the immune response to prevent autoimmunity.

Question 17

A patient receives an injection of gamma globulin after exposure to hepatitis. Which type of immunity is this?

Accepted Answer

Artificially acquired passive immunity

Question 18

Which of the following is a characteristic of adaptive immunity but NOT innate immunity?

Accepted Answer

Memory

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the process of opsonization?

Accepted Answer

Antibodies or complement proteins coat pathogens, enhancing phagocytosis.

Question 20

Which of the following is a possible consequence of autoimmunity?

Accepted Answer

Destruction of the body's own tissues by immune cells

The Immune System: Innate and Adaptive Defenses

Study Guide - Practice Questions