Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary function of lymphatic capillaries in the human body?

Accepted Answer

They absorb dietary fats from the small intestine and return excess tissue fluid to the bloodstream.

Question 2

A patient presents with severe edema in the lower limbs. Which of the following is the most likely explanation based on lymphatic system function?

Accepted Answer

Obstruction of lymphatic vessels preventing fluid return to the blood.

Question 3

Which of the following statements about lymph nodes is CORRECT?

Accepted Answer

Lymph nodes filter lymph and contain macrophages and lymphocytes for immune defense.

Question 4

Which of the following best explains why lymph flow is slower through a lymph node than into it?

Accepted Answer

There are fewer efferent than afferent lymphatic vessels, causing a bottleneck effect.

Question 5

Which lymphoid organ is responsible for the destruction of worn-out red blood cells and acts as a blood reservoir?

Accepted Answer

Spleen

Question 6

A child is born without a thymus gland. Which of the following immune functions would be most directly impaired?

Accepted Answer

Development and maturation of T lymphocytes

Question 7

Which of the following is a function of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT)?

Accepted Answer

Protecting respiratory and digestive tracts from foreign matter

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a component of the innate (nonspecific) defense system?

Accepted Answer

Antibody production by plasma cells

Question 9

A macrophage engulfs a bacterium and presents fragments of it on its surface. What is the primary purpose of this process?

Accepted Answer

To activate T lymphocytes for adaptive immune response

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the role of complement proteins in the immune response?

Accepted Answer

They form membrane attack complexes (MACs) that lyse target cells.

Question 11

A patient receives a vaccine containing weakened antigens. Which type of immunity is being induced?

Accepted Answer

Artificially acquired active immunity

Question 12

Which immunoglobulin class is most abundant in plasma and can cross the placental barrier?

Accepted Answer

IgG

Question 13

Which of the following best explains why a person with type A blood cannot safely receive type B blood?

Accepted Answer

Type A blood contains anti-B antibodies that recognize type B antigens as foreign.

Question 14

Which of the following is a characteristic of cytotoxic (killer) T cells?

Accepted Answer

They directly kill virus-infected and cancer cells by releasing perforin and granzymes.

Question 15

A patient develops a rash 48 hours after exposure to poison ivy. This is an example of which type of hypersensitivity?

Accepted Answer

Delayed hypersensitivity mediated by T cells

Question 16

Which of the following equations correctly represents the net filtration pressure (NFP) at the arterial end of a capillary bed?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{NFP} = (	ext{HP}_c - 	ext{HP}_i) - (	ext{OP}_c - 	ext{OP}_i)$$

Question 17

Which of the following is a likely consequence if the body fails to develop self-tolerance during lymphocyte maturation?

Accepted Answer

Development of autoimmune diseases

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the process of opsonization?

Accepted Answer

Antibodies bind to antigens, tagging them for phagocytosis by macrophages.

Question 19

Which of the following is TRUE regarding passive immunity?

Accepted Answer

It can be acquired by receiving antibodies from another individual.

Question 20

A patient with AIDS is most likely to have a deficiency in which type of immune cell?

Accepted Answer

Helper T cells

The Lymphatic System and Body Defenses: Structure, Function, and Immune Response

Study Guide - Practice Questions