Table of contents

1. Introduction to Biochemistry4h 34m
2. Water3h 23m
3. Amino Acids8h 10m
4. Protein Structure10h 4m
5. Protein Techniques14h 5m
6. Enzymes and Enzyme Kinetics13h 38m
7. Enzyme Inhibition and Regulation 8h 42m
8. Protein Function 9h 41m
9. Carbohydrates7h 49m
10. Lipids5h 49m
11. Biological Membranes and Transport 6h 37m
12. Biosignaling9h 45m
Review 1: Nucleic Acids, Lipids, & Membranes2h 47m
Review 2: Biosignaling, Glycolysis, Gluconeogenesis, & PP-Pathway3h 12m
Review 3: Pyruvate & Fatty Acid Oxidation, Citric Acid Cycle, & Glycogen Metabolism2h 26m
Review 4: Amino Acid Oxidation, Oxidative Phosphorylation, & Photophosphorylation1h 48m

4. Protein Structure

Protein Folding

Biochemistry

4. Protein Structure

Protein Folding

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Multiple Choice

During protein synthesis, when does the polypeptide chain stop growing in length?

When the ribosome reaches the 5' end of the mRNA

When all amino acids are phosphorylated

When a stop codon is encountered on the mRNA

When the protein achieves its native tertiary structure

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Verified step by step guidance

Understand the process of protein synthesis: Protein synthesis occurs in two main stages, transcription and translation. During translation, the ribosome reads the mRNA sequence to assemble a polypeptide chain by linking amino acids together.

Learn about codons: Codons are sequences of three nucleotides on the mRNA that correspond to specific amino acids or signal functions during translation. For example, AUG is the start codon, and UAA, UAG, and UGA are stop codons.

Recognize the role of stop codons: Stop codons do not code for any amino acid. Instead, they signal the ribosome to terminate translation, effectively stopping the elongation of the polypeptide chain.

Understand the mechanism of termination: When the ribosome encounters a stop codon on the mRNA, release factors bind to the ribosome, prompting it to release the completed polypeptide chain and disassemble the translation machinery.

Clarify misconceptions: The polypeptide chain does not stop growing when the ribosome reaches the 5' end of the mRNA, nor does it stop due to phosphorylation of amino acids or the protein achieving its tertiary structure. The correct answer is that translation stops when a stop codon is encountered on the mRNA.