Multiple Choice
A basic amino acid is likely to contain which of the following functional groups in its R group?
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3. Amino Acids
Amino Acid Groups
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Which functional groups are common to all amino acids?
A
Hydroxyl group (\(-OH\)) and methyl group (\(-CH_3\))
B
Aldehyde group (\(-CHO\)) and carboxyl group (\(-COOH\))
C
Phosphate group (\(-PO_4^{3-}\)) and sulfhydryl group (\(-SH\))
D
Amino group (\(-NH_2\)) and carboxyl group (\(-COOH\))
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand the structure of amino acids. Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins and share a common structure consisting of a central carbon atom (called the alpha carbon) bonded to four groups: an amino group (
), a carboxyl group (
), a hydrogen atom, and a variable side chain (R group).
Step 2: Analyze the functional groups listed in the problem. The hydroxyl group (
), methyl group (
), aldehyde group (
), phosphate group (
), and sulfhydryl group (
) are not universally present in all amino acids.
Step 3: Identify the functional groups that are common to all amino acids. The amino group (
) and carboxyl group (
) are present in all amino acids, regardless of the side chain (R group). These groups are essential for the chemical properties and reactivity of amino acids.
Step 4: Compare the correct answer with the options provided. The correct answer, amino group (
) and carboxyl group (
), matches the universal functional groups found in all amino acids.
Step 5: Conclude that the amino group (
) and carboxyl group (
) are the functional groups common to all amino acids, as they are integral to the structure and function of these biomolecules.
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Amino Acid Groups practice set
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