Table of contents

1. Introduction to Biochemistry4h 34m
2. Water3h 23m
3. Amino Acids8h 10m
4. Protein Structure10h 4m
5. Protein Techniques14h 5m
6. Enzymes and Enzyme Kinetics13h 38m
7. Enzyme Inhibition and Regulation 8h 42m
8. Protein Function 9h 41m
9. Carbohydrates7h 49m
10. Lipids5h 49m
11. Biological Membranes and Transport 6h 37m
12. Biosignaling9h 45m
Review 1: Nucleic Acids, Lipids, & Membranes2h 47m
Review 2: Biosignaling, Glycolysis, Gluconeogenesis, & PP-Pathway3h 12m
Review 3: Pyruvate & Fatty Acid Oxidation, Citric Acid Cycle, & Glycogen Metabolism2h 26m
Review 4: Amino Acid Oxidation, Oxidative Phosphorylation, & Photophosphorylation1h 48m

3. Amino Acids

Amino Acid Groups

Biochemistry

3. Amino Acids

Amino Acid Groups

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Multiple Choice

The bonding of two amino acid molecules to form a larger molecule requires the:

addition of a carbon dioxide molecule

hydrolysis of a peptide bond

removal of a water molecule (dehydration synthesis)

addition of an oxygen molecule

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Verified step by step guidance

Understand the concept of dehydration synthesis: This is a chemical reaction where two molecules are joined together with the removal of a water molecule. In the case of amino acids, this process forms a peptide bond between the carboxyl group of one amino acid and the amino group of another.

Identify the functional groups involved: Amino acids have an amino group (-NH₂) and a carboxyl group (-COOH). During dehydration synthesis, the hydroxyl group (-OH) from the carboxyl group of one amino acid and a hydrogen atom (H) from the amino group of another amino acid are removed to form water (H₂O).

Write the chemical reaction: Represent the amino acids as R₁-NH₂ and R₂-COOH, where R₁ and R₂ are the side chains. The reaction can be expressed as:

R_{1} - NH 2 + R_{2} - COOH \to R_{1} - NH - R_{2} + H_{2} O

Explain the formation of the peptide bond: After the removal of water, the nitrogen atom from the amino group of one amino acid forms a covalent bond with the carbon atom of the carboxyl group of the other amino acid. This bond is called a peptide bond.

Summarize the process: The bonding of two amino acids to form a larger molecule involves dehydration synthesis, where a water molecule is removed, resulting in the formation of a peptide bond between the amino acids.