Table of contents

1. Introduction to Biochemistry4h 34m
2. Water3h 23m
3. Amino Acids8h 10m
4. Protein Structure10h 4m
5. Protein Techniques14h 5m
6. Enzymes and Enzyme Kinetics13h 38m
7. Enzyme Inhibition and Regulation 8h 42m
8. Protein Function 9h 41m
9. Carbohydrates7h 49m
10. Lipids5h 49m
11. Biological Membranes and Transport 6h 37m
12. Biosignaling9h 45m
Review 1: Nucleic Acids, Lipids, & Membranes2h 47m
Review 2: Biosignaling, Glycolysis, Gluconeogenesis, & PP-Pathway3h 12m
Review 3: Pyruvate & Fatty Acid Oxidation, Citric Acid Cycle, & Glycogen Metabolism2h 26m
Review 4: Amino Acid Oxidation, Oxidative Phosphorylation, & Photophosphorylation1h 48m

3. Amino Acids

Amino Acid Groups

Biochemistry

3. Amino Acids

Amino Acid Groups

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Multiple Choice

How many distinct aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase enzymes must be present in cells to properly synthesize proteins?

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Verified step by step guidance

Understand the role of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase enzymes: These enzymes are responsible for attaching the correct amino acid to its corresponding tRNA molecule, a process called aminoacylation. This ensures that the genetic code is accurately translated during protein synthesis.

Recall the number of standard amino acids: There are 20 standard amino acids used in protein synthesis. Each amino acid must be matched with its specific tRNA molecule by a dedicated enzyme.

Recognize the specificity of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases: Each aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase enzyme is specific to one amino acid and its corresponding tRNA(s). This means there must be one enzyme for each amino acid.

Consider the genetic code and codons: While there are 64 possible codons in the genetic code, only 61 codons code for amino acids (the remaining 3 are stop codons). However, the number of synthetases is determined by the number of amino acids, not the number of codons.

Conclude that the number of distinct aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase enzymes corresponds to the number of standard amino acids, which is 20. This ensures that all amino acids are properly attached to their respective tRNAs for protein synthesis.