Multiple Choice
How many distinct aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase enzymes must be present in cells to properly synthesize proteins?
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3. Amino Acids
Amino Acid Groups
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Which two functional groups are always present in all standard amino acids?
A
Amino group (\(-NH_2\)) and carboxyl group (\(-COOH\))
B
Phosphate group (\(-PO_4^{3-}\)) and sulfhydryl group (\(-SH\))
C
Aldehyde group (\(-CHO\)) and carboxyl group (\(-COOH\))
D
Hydroxyl group (\(-OH\)) and methyl group (\(-CH_3\))
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand the structure of standard amino acids. Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins and share a common structure that includes two functional groups: an amino group (
) and a carboxyl group (
). These groups are present in all standard amino acids.
Step 2: Analyze the options provided in the problem. The question lists several pairs of functional groups, and you need to identify which pair is universally present in all standard amino acids.
Step 3: Eliminate incorrect options based on your knowledge of amino acid structure. For example, phosphate groups (
) and sulfhydryl groups (
) are not present in all amino acids, only in specific ones like cysteine.
Step 4: Confirm that the amino group (
) and carboxyl group (
) are indeed present in all standard amino acids, as these groups define the basic structure of amino acids.
Step 5: Conclude that the correct answer is the pair of functional groups amino group (
) and carboxyl group (
), as these are universally present in all standard amino acids.
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Amino Acid Groups practice set
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