Multiple Choice
How does DNA influence the synthesis of lipids, carbohydrates, and steroids in a cell?
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1. Introduction to Biochemistry
Central Dogma
Multiple Choice
In the context of the central dogma and the genetic code, how many mRNA codons specify one amino acid during translation?
A
One codon specifies three amino acids.
B
One codon specifies one amino acid (or a stop signal).
C
Two codons must pair together to specify one amino acid.
D
Three codons are required to specify one amino acid.
Verified step by step guidance1
Recall the central dogma of molecular biology, which describes the flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to protein.
Understand that during translation, the mRNA sequence is read in sets of three nucleotides called codons.
Each codon corresponds to a specific amino acid or a stop signal, meaning one codon specifies exactly one amino acid or a termination signal.
Recognize that the genetic code is triplet-based, so three nucleotides (one codon) are required to encode one amino acid, not multiple codons or multiple amino acids per codon.
Therefore, the correct interpretation is that one codon specifies one amino acid (or a stop signal), which is fundamental to how proteins are synthesized.
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