Multiple Choice
In eukaryotic cells, where does protein synthesis (translation) take place?
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1. Introduction to Biochemistry
Central Dogma
Multiple Choice
In translation (Central Dogma), how many mRNA codons specify one amino acid in a growing polypeptide chain?
A
One codon specifies three amino acids.
B
Two codons are required to specify one amino acid.
C
One codon specifies one amino acid.
D
Three codons are required to specify one amino acid.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the role of mRNA codons in translation: mRNA codons are sequences of three nucleotides that correspond to specific amino acids or stop signals during protein synthesis.
Recall that each codon consists of exactly three nucleotides, and this triplet code is the fundamental unit of the genetic code.
Recognize that each codon specifies exactly one amino acid (or a stop signal), meaning one codon corresponds to one amino acid in the growing polypeptide chain.
Eliminate incorrect options by noting that one codon cannot specify multiple amino acids, and multiple codons are not required to specify a single amino acid (except in the case of redundancy where different codons can specify the same amino acid, but each codon still codes for only one amino acid).
Conclude that the correct understanding is: one codon specifies one amino acid during translation.
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