Multiple Choice
Where in a protein would you most likely find the R group (side chain) of a hydrophobic amino acid?
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3. Amino Acids
Amino Acid Groups
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Which functional groups are directly involved in the formation of peptide bonds between amino acids?
A
Amino group (\(-NH_2\)) and carboxyl group (\(-COOH\))
B
Sulfhydryl group (\(-SH\)) and phosphate group (\(-PO_4^{3-}\))
C
Aldehyde group (\(-CHO\)) and carboxyl group (\(-COOH\))
D
Hydroxyl group (\(-OH\)) and methyl group (\(-CH_3\))
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the concept of peptide bond formation: Peptide bonds are covalent bonds formed between amino acids during protein synthesis. This process involves the reaction between specific functional groups of amino acids.
Identify the functional groups present in amino acids: Amino acids contain an amino group (
) and a carboxyl group (
). These groups are critical for peptide bond formation.
Describe the reaction mechanism: During peptide bond formation, the carboxyl group (
) of one amino acid reacts with the amino group (
) of another amino acid. This reaction results in the release of a water molecule (condensation reaction) and the formation of a covalent bond.
Eliminate incorrect options: Sulfhydryl (
), phosphate (
), aldehyde (
), hydroxyl (
), and methyl (
) groups are not involved in peptide bond formation.
Conclude the correct answer: The functional groups directly involved in peptide bond formation are the amino group (
) and the carboxyl group (
).
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