Multiple Choice
Which type of bond is primarily responsible for maintaining the primary structure of a protein?
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4. Protein Structure
Peptide Bond
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The formation of peptide bonds is catalyzed by which portion of the bacterial ribosome?
A
5S rRNA of the large subunit
B
23S rRNA of the large subunit
C
16S rRNA of the small subunit
D
Ribosomal protein S12
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the context: Peptide bond formation is a critical step in protein synthesis, occurring during translation in the ribosome. The ribosome is composed of two subunits: the large subunit and the small subunit, each containing rRNA and proteins.
Recall the role of rRNA: Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) plays a catalytic role in the ribosome. Specifically, the large subunit contains rRNA that acts as a ribozyme, facilitating peptide bond formation.
Identify the catalytic rRNA: In bacterial ribosomes, the 23S rRNA of the large subunit is responsible for catalyzing the formation of peptide bonds. This rRNA is part of the peptidyl transferase center, which is the active site for this reaction.
Eliminate incorrect options: The 5S rRNA of the large subunit is structural and does not catalyze peptide bond formation. The 16S rRNA is part of the small subunit and plays a role in mRNA decoding and tRNA positioning, not catalysis. Ribosomal protein S12 is involved in maintaining the accuracy of translation but does not catalyze peptide bond formation.
Conclude: The correct answer is the 23S rRNA of the large subunit, as it directly catalyzes the formation of peptide bonds during translation.
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