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Multiple Choice
Which of the following best describes what happens to a patient's airways during an asthma attack?
A
The airways fill with fluid, but their diameter does not change.
B
The airways undergo bronchoconstriction, making it harder to breathe.
C
The airways remain unchanged during an asthma attack.
D
The airways undergo bronchodilation, making it easier to breathe.
Verified step by step guidance
1
Understand the context of asthma: Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition characterized by inflammation and narrowing of the airways, which can lead to difficulty in breathing.
Define bronchoconstriction: Bronchoconstriction refers to the tightening of the smooth muscles surrounding the airways, causing the airways to narrow and making it harder for air to flow in and out of the lungs.
Contrast bronchoconstriction with bronchodilation: Bronchodilation is the opposite process, where the smooth muscles relax, widening the airways and making breathing easier. During an asthma attack, bronchoconstriction occurs, not bronchodilation.
Consider the role of inflammation and mucus: During an asthma attack, the airways may also become inflamed and produce excess mucus, further obstructing airflow and exacerbating breathing difficulties.
Eliminate incorrect options: The airways do not remain unchanged, nor do they fill with fluid without a change in diameter. The correct description involves bronchoconstriction, which narrows the airways and makes breathing more difficult.