Multiple Choice
Which of the following best explains why animals in the tundra struggle to find food and keep warm?
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48. Ecology
Introduction to Ecology
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How do lichens contribute to primary succession in an ecosystem?
A
They break down rock surfaces, creating soil for other organisms to colonize.
B
They prevent the growth of mosses by releasing toxic compounds.
C
They fix atmospheric nitrogen, directly increasing animal populations.
D
They consume large herbivores, reducing competition for plants.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the concept of primary succession: Primary succession occurs in areas where there is no pre-existing soil, such as bare rock surfaces, and involves the gradual development of an ecosystem over time.
Identify the role of lichens in primary succession: Lichens are pioneer species, meaning they are among the first organisms to colonize bare rock surfaces in such environments.
Explain how lichens contribute to soil formation: Lichens secrete acids that chemically weather the rock, breaking it down into smaller particles. Over time, this process contributes to the formation of soil.
Highlight the importance of soil formation: The soil created by lichens provides a substrate for other organisms, such as mosses and plants, to grow, which further supports the development of a more complex ecosystem.
Eliminate incorrect options: Lichens do not release toxic compounds to prevent moss growth, fix atmospheric nitrogen to directly increase animal populations, or consume herbivores. Their primary role in primary succession is breaking down rock surfaces to create soil.
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