Multiple Choice
Which of the following best explains why biological pest control methods supplement but cannot fully replace chemical pest control methods in agriculture?
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1. Introduction to Biology
Natural Selection and Evolution
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Which of the following best distinguishes primary succession from secondary succession in ecological communities?
A
Primary succession only occurs after forest fires, while secondary succession follows volcanic eruptions.
B
Secondary succession begins with the colonization of bare rock by lichens and mosses.
C
Primary succession occurs on newly formed or exposed surfaces where no soil exists, while secondary succession occurs in areas where soil remains after a disturbance.
D
Primary succession always leads to a lower biodiversity than secondary succession.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the concept of ecological succession: Ecological succession is the process by which ecosystems change and develop over time. It can be classified into two types: primary succession and secondary succession.
Define primary succession: Primary succession occurs in areas where no soil exists, such as newly formed volcanic rock, glacial retreats, or other surfaces exposed for the first time. The process begins with pioneer species like lichens and mosses that can colonize bare rock and contribute to soil formation.
Define secondary succession: Secondary succession occurs in areas where soil is already present but the ecosystem has been disturbed, such as after a forest fire, flood, or human activity. It involves the regrowth of vegetation and the re-establishment of the community.
Compare primary and secondary succession: Primary succession starts from bare rock and requires soil formation, making it a slower process. Secondary succession starts with existing soil, allowing faster recovery and regrowth of the ecosystem.
Evaluate the options provided: Based on the definitions and comparisons, identify the correct distinction between primary and secondary succession. The correct answer is: 'Primary succession occurs on newly formed or exposed surfaces where no soil exists, while secondary succession occurs in areas where soil remains after a disturbance.'
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