Multiple Choice
Which of the following is an accurate general comparison between women's and men's muscular systems?
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1. Introduction to Biology
Introduction to Biology
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Which of the following statements about the swallowing reflex is correct?
A
The swallowing reflex is controlled by the cerebellum.
B
Swallowing is a completely voluntary process.
C
The swallowing reflex is initiated when food touches the pharynx.
D
The swallowing reflex prevents food from entering the esophagus.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the swallowing reflex: The swallowing reflex is an involuntary process that ensures food moves safely from the mouth to the esophagus while preventing it from entering the respiratory tract.
Identify the role of the pharynx: The reflex is initiated when food touches the pharynx, which contains sensory receptors that signal the brainstem to start the swallowing process.
Clarify the control center: The swallowing reflex is controlled by the brainstem, not the cerebellum. The brainstem coordinates the involuntary muscle movements required for swallowing.
Distinguish voluntary and involuntary actions: Swallowing begins as a voluntary action when food is pushed to the back of the mouth, but the reflex itself is involuntary once initiated.
Explain the esophagus and airway protection: The swallowing reflex ensures food enters the esophagus and prevents it from entering the trachea by closing the epiglottis during the process.
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