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Multiple Choice
Fungi have formed mutualistic symbioses with which of the following?
A
Viruses
B
Plant roots (forming mycorrhizae)
C
Rocks and minerals
D
Insects only as parasites
Verified step by step guidance
1
Understand the concept of mutualistic symbiosis: Mutualism is a type of symbiotic relationship where both organisms involved benefit from the interaction. In the case of fungi, mutualistic symbioses often involve nutrient exchange or protection.
Learn about mycorrhizae: Mycorrhizae are mutualistic associations between fungi and plant roots. The fungi help the plant absorb water and nutrients (especially phosphorus) from the soil, while the plant provides the fungi with carbohydrates produced during photosynthesis.
Eliminate incorrect options: Viruses do not form mutualistic relationships with fungi, as viruses typically infect and harm their hosts. Rocks and minerals are abiotic and cannot engage in symbiosis. Insects are often parasitized by fungi rather than forming mutualistic relationships.
Focus on the correct option: Plant roots are the correct answer because fungi form mycorrhizal relationships with them, which is a well-documented example of mutualistic symbiosis.
Conclude the reasoning: Based on the biological concept of mutualism and the specific example of mycorrhizae, fungi form mutualistic symbioses with plant roots, benefiting both organisms in the relationship.