The burning of fossil fuels ________.
a. Releases carbon dioxide to the atmosphere.
b. Primarily occurs as a result of human activity.
c. Is contributing to global warming.
d. Is possible thanks to photosynthesis that occurred millions of years ago.
e. All of the above are correct.

What is the single greatest threat to biodiversity?

a. Overharvesting of commercially important species

b. Habitat alteration, fragmentation, and destruction

c. Introduced species that compete with native species

d. Novel pathogens

The discipline that applies ecological principles to returning degraded ecosystems to a more natural state is known as

a. Restoration ecology

b. Thermodynamics

c. Eutrophication

d. Biogeochemistry

Which of the following currently poses the single greatest threat to biodiversity?

a. Invasive species

b. Overhunting

c. Habitat loss

d. Pollution

What is a biodiversity "hotspot"?

a. An area where an all-taxon survey is under way

b. An area where an environmental sequencing study has been completed

c. A habitat with high NPP

d. An area with high species richness and high threat to those species

Current rates of species extinction appear to be approximately

a. Equal to

b. 10 times lower than

c. 10 times higher than

d. 50 to 100 times higher than

e. 1000 to 10,000 times higher than

Which of the following is characteristic of endemic species?

a. They are often found in biodiversity hot spots.

b. They are distributed widely in the biosphere.

c. They require edges between ecosystems.

d. They are often keystone species whose presence helps to structure a community.

Which of the following strategies would most rapidly increase the genetic diversity of a population in an extinction vortex?

a. Establish a reserve that protects the population's habitat

b. Introduce new individuals transported from other populations of the same species

c. Sterilize the least fit individuals in the population

d. Control populations of the endangered population's predators and competitors