Multiple Choice
Which of the following best describes a common measure of evolutionary fitness in a population?
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1. Introduction to Biology
Natural Selection and Evolution
Multiple Choice
Which of the following best defines the term 'adaptation' in the context of evolution?
A
A heritable trait that increases an organism's chance of survival and reproduction in a specific environment.
B
A sudden change in the DNA sequence of an organism.
C
The process by which organisms move from one habitat to another.
D
The extinction of a species due to environmental changes.
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand the term 'adaptation' in the context of evolution. Adaptation refers to a heritable trait that enhances an organism's ability to survive and reproduce in a specific environment. This is a key concept in evolutionary biology.
Step 2: Analyze the first option: 'A heritable trait that increases an organism's chance of survival and reproduction in a specific environment.' This aligns with the definition of adaptation, as it emphasizes heritability, survival, and reproduction.
Step 3: Evaluate the second option: 'A sudden change in the DNA sequence of an organism.' This describes a mutation, not an adaptation. While mutations can lead to adaptations over time, they are not synonymous.
Step 4: Evaluate the third option: 'The process by which organisms move from one habitat to another.' This describes migration, not adaptation. Migration is a behavioral response, not a heritable trait.
Step 5: Evaluate the fourth option: 'The extinction of a species due to environmental changes.' Extinction is the opposite of adaptation, as it indicates a failure to adapt to environmental changes. Therefore, the first option is the best definition of adaptation.
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