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Multiple Choice
Which of the following diseases is least likely to be caused by air pollution?
A
Asthma
B
Lung cancer
C
Emphysema
D
Malaria
Verified step by step guidance
1
Understand the context of the question: Air pollution is a major environmental factor that can lead to respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. Diseases like asthma, lung cancer, and emphysema are directly linked to air pollution due to the inhalation of harmful pollutants.
Analyze the options provided: Asthma, lung cancer, and emphysema are all conditions that can be exacerbated or caused by exposure to air pollution. Malaria, on the other hand, is caused by a parasite (Plasmodium) transmitted through the bite of infected Anopheles mosquitoes and is unrelated to air pollution.
Clarify the biological basis of malaria: Malaria is a vector-borne disease, meaning it is transmitted by living organisms (mosquitoes) rather than environmental factors like air pollution. It primarily affects the blood and liver, not the respiratory system.
Compare the diseases: Asthma involves inflammation of the airways, lung cancer involves abnormal cell growth in the lungs, and emphysema involves damage to the alveoli in the lungsāall of which can be linked to air pollution. Malaria does not involve the respiratory system and is unrelated to air pollution.
Conclude that malaria is least likely to be caused by air pollution, as it is a parasitic disease transmitted by mosquitoes and not influenced by environmental air quality.