Multiple Choice
If your blood sugar level rises to 120 mg/100 mL, which physiological response would you expect to occur in order to maintain homeostasis?
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39. Digestive System
Blood Sugar Homeostasis
Multiple Choice
Which of the following is true regarding a diabetic patient who has a high blood glucose level?
A
Glucagon secretion increases, causing more glucose to be stored as glycogen.
B
Blood glucose levels decrease rapidly due to increased cellular uptake.
C
Insulin secretion is insufficient or ineffective, leading to reduced glucose uptake by cells.
D
The kidneys reabsorb all excess glucose, preventing any glucose from appearing in the urine.
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand the role of insulin in blood glucose regulation. Insulin is a hormone secreted by the pancreas that facilitates the uptake of glucose by cells, allowing it to be used for energy or stored as glycogen in the liver and muscles.
Step 2: Recognize the condition of diabetes. In diabetic patients, insulin secretion may be insufficient (Type 1 diabetes) or the body's cells may not respond effectively to insulin (Type 2 diabetes). This leads to reduced glucose uptake by cells, causing high blood glucose levels (hyperglycemia).
Step 3: Analyze the first statement: 'Glucagon secretion increases, causing more glucose to be stored as glycogen.' This is incorrect because glucagon typically raises blood glucose levels by promoting glycogen breakdown, not storage.
Step 4: Evaluate the second statement: 'Blood glucose levels decrease rapidly due to increased cellular uptake.' This is incorrect because in diabetes, glucose uptake by cells is impaired, leading to sustained high blood glucose levels.
Step 5: Assess the fourth statement: 'The kidneys reabsorb all excess glucose, preventing any glucose from appearing in the urine.' This is incorrect because when blood glucose levels exceed the renal threshold, the kidneys cannot reabsorb all the glucose, and it appears in the urine (a condition called glucosuria).
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