Multiple Choice
Which of the following is evidence to support the endosymbiotic theory?
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5. Cell Components
Endosymbiotic Theory
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Which of the following statements supports the theory of endosymbiosis?
A
Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus that contains linear DNA.
B
Mitochondria and chloroplasts have their own circular DNA similar to bacteria.
C
Eukaryotic cells can reproduce independently of their organelles.
D
Mitochondria and chloroplasts are surrounded by a single membrane.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the theory of endosymbiosis: This theory suggests that certain organelles within eukaryotic cells, such as mitochondria and chloroplasts, originated as free-living bacteria that were engulfed by ancestral eukaryotic cells.
Identify key features of mitochondria and chloroplasts that support this theory: These organelles have their own circular DNA, which is similar to the DNA found in bacteria, indicating a possible evolutionary relationship.
Consider the structure of mitochondria and chloroplasts: They are surrounded by a double membrane, which is consistent with the engulfing mechanism proposed by the endosymbiosis theory.
Evaluate the independence of organelles: Mitochondria and chloroplasts can replicate independently within the cell, similar to how bacteria reproduce, supporting the idea that they were once independent organisms.
Compare the DNA structure: Eukaryotic cells typically have linear DNA within their nucleus, whereas the circular DNA in mitochondria and chloroplasts is a characteristic feature of prokaryotic cells, further supporting the endosymbiotic origin.
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