Multiple Choice
Why are pyrimidine dimers dangerous to the body?
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14. DNA Synthesis
DNA Repair
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What is the role of DNA proofreading in DNA replication?
A
It adds nucleotides to the growing DNA strand.
B
It initiates the unwinding of the DNA double helix.
C
It repairs double-strand breaks in DNA.
D
It corrects errors in the newly synthesized DNA strand.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand that DNA replication is the process by which a cell duplicates its DNA, ensuring that each new cell receives an exact copy of the DNA.
Recognize that during DNA replication, DNA polymerase is the enzyme responsible for adding nucleotides to the growing DNA strand, matching each new nucleotide to the complementary base on the template strand.
Identify that errors can occur during this process, such as the incorporation of incorrect nucleotides, which can lead to mutations if not corrected.
Learn that DNA proofreading is a function of DNA polymerase, which checks each newly added nucleotide against the template strand. If an incorrect nucleotide is detected, the enzyme removes it and replaces it with the correct one.
Conclude that the role of DNA proofreading is to correct errors in the newly synthesized DNA strand, ensuring the fidelity of DNA replication and reducing the likelihood of mutations.
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