Multiple Choice
What is the primary reason that plants and animals require nitrogen?
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35. Soil
Nitrogen Fixation
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Why is nitrogen fixation an essential process in ecosystems?
A
It converts atmospheric nitrogen ($N_2$) into forms usable by living organisms.
B
It breaks down toxic nitrogen compounds into harmless gases.
C
It produces oxygen required for cellular respiration.
D
It removes excess carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the concept of nitrogen fixation: Nitrogen fixation is the process by which certain microorganisms convert atmospheric nitrogen ($N_2$), which is inert and unusable by most organisms, into biologically usable forms such as ammonia ($NH_3$) or nitrate ($NO_3^-$).
Recognize the importance of nitrogen in ecosystems: Nitrogen is a critical element for living organisms as it is a key component of amino acids, proteins, nucleic acids (DNA and RNA), and other biomolecules.
Identify the role of nitrogen-fixing organisms: Certain bacteria, such as those in the genus *Rhizobium*, form symbiotic relationships with plants (e.g., legumes) to fix nitrogen. Other free-living bacteria and cyanobacteria also contribute to nitrogen fixation.
Eliminate incorrect options: Nitrogen fixation does not produce oxygen, break down toxic nitrogen compounds, or remove carbon dioxide. These processes are unrelated to nitrogen fixation.
Conclude why nitrogen fixation is essential: It converts atmospheric nitrogen ($N_2$) into forms usable by living organisms, enabling the synthesis of vital biomolecules and supporting ecosystem productivity.
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