Multiple Choice
Which type of DNA mutation results in a change in the reading frame of an mRNA?
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15. Gene Expression
Mutations
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What is the difference between a nonsense mutation and a missense mutation?
A
A nonsense mutation affects only non-coding regions, while a missense mutation affects coding regions.
B
A nonsense mutation changes the reading frame, while a missense mutation does not affect the reading frame.
C
A nonsense mutation results in a premature stop codon, while a missense mutation results in a different amino acid.
D
A nonsense mutation results in a silent change, while a missense mutation results in a frameshift.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand that mutations are changes in the DNA sequence that can affect protein synthesis.
Recognize that a nonsense mutation is a type of mutation where a single nucleotide change results in a premature stop codon. This leads to the termination of protein synthesis, producing a truncated and usually nonfunctional protein.
Identify that a missense mutation is a type of mutation where a single nucleotide change results in the substitution of one amino acid for another in the protein sequence. This can affect the protein's function depending on the role of the altered amino acid.
Differentiate between the two: a nonsense mutation leads to a stop codon and halts protein synthesis prematurely, while a missense mutation changes one amino acid in the protein sequence.
Conclude that the correct distinction is that a nonsense mutation results in a premature stop codon, whereas a missense mutation results in a different amino acid being incorporated into the protein.
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