Multiple Choice
Which of the following statements about cancer in the United States is correct?
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11. Cell Division
Cancer
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What is a key difference between normal cells and cancer cells?
A
Cancer cells can divide indefinitely, while normal cells have a limited number of divisions.
B
Cancer cells require more oxygen than normal cells to survive.
C
Normal cells can invade other tissues, while cancer cells cannot.
D
Normal cells can grow without growth signals, while cancer cells cannot.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the concept of cell division: Normal cells undergo a process called the cell cycle, which includes phases of growth, DNA replication, and division. This cycle is regulated by various signals and checkpoints that ensure cells divide only when necessary.
Learn about the Hayflick limit: Normal cells have a limited number of times they can divide, known as the Hayflick limit. This is due to the shortening of telomeres, protective caps on the ends of chromosomes, which occurs with each cell division.
Explore the characteristics of cancer cells: Cancer cells can bypass the normal regulatory mechanisms of the cell cycle, allowing them to divide indefinitely. This is often due to mutations that affect genes responsible for cell cycle regulation, such as oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes.
Compare oxygen requirements: Cancer cells often have altered metabolism and may require more oxygen to support their rapid growth and division. This is related to the phenomenon known as the Warburg effect, where cancer cells preferentially use glycolysis for energy production even in the presence of oxygen.
Clarify tissue invasion: Normal cells typically do not invade other tissues; they remain in their designated location. In contrast, cancer cells can invade surrounding tissues and spread to other parts of the body, a process known as metastasis.
