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Multiple Choice
Insulin promotes which of the following cellular processes?
A
Breakdown of glycogen to glucose
B
Inhibition of protein synthesis
C
Release of fatty acids from adipose tissue
D
Uptake of glucose into cells
Verified step by step guidance
1
Understand the role of insulin: Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas that regulates blood glucose levels by promoting the uptake of glucose into cells, particularly muscle and fat cells.
Identify the cellular process associated with insulin: Insulin facilitates the movement of glucose from the bloodstream into cells by increasing the activity of glucose transporters on the cell membrane.
Eliminate incorrect options: Insulin does not promote the breakdown of glycogen to glucose (this is stimulated by glucagon), nor does it inhibit protein synthesis (insulin actually promotes protein synthesis). Additionally, insulin does not cause the release of fatty acids from adipose tissue; it inhibits lipolysis.
Focus on the correct process: Insulin promotes the uptake of glucose into cells by binding to insulin receptors, which triggers a signaling cascade that increases the number of glucose transporters (GLUT4) on the cell surface.
Conclude the correct answer: The cellular process promoted by insulin is the uptake of glucose into cells, which helps lower blood glucose levels and provides energy for cellular functions.