$$\mathrm{ATP} + \mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O} \rightarrow \mathrm{ADP} + \mathrm{P_i} + \text{energy}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes metabolism in living organisms?

Accepted Answer

The biochemical modification of chemical compounds in living organisms and cells.

Question 2

According to the First Law of Thermodynamics, which of the following statements is correct?

Accepted Answer

Energy can neither be created nor destroyed.

Question 3

Muscles convert the chemical-bond energy within ATP to which type of energy during contraction?

Accepted Answer

Mechanical energy

Question 4

What is the immediate energy source in cells for any type of cellular work?

Accepted Answer

ATP (adenosine triphosphate)

Question 5

Which process describes the conversion of energy from one form to another, as seen in mitochondria?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria convert carbohydrate energy from their surroundings to ATP energy.

Question 6

When ATP transfers one of its phosphate groups to another molecule, what does it become?

Accepted Answer

ADP (adenosine diphosphate)

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a function for which energy released from ATP is used?

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis in animal cells

Question 8

The Second Law of Thermodynamics states that:

Accepted Answer

Some energy is always lost as heat when converted from one form to another.

Question 9

What is the main source of energy for rebuilding ATP in cells?

Accepted Answer

Glucose metabolism

Question 10

Which of the following best explains why ATP is considered a renewable resource?

Accepted Answer

ATP can be regenerated by the addition of a phosphate group to ADP.

Question 11

Which equation correctly represents the hydrolysis of ATP?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{ATP} + \mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O} ightarrow \mathrm{ADP} + \mathrm{P_i} + 	ext{energy}$$

Question 12

Which of the following is a direct result of the Second Law of Thermodynamics in biological systems?

Accepted Answer

Heat is released as a byproduct of metabolic reactions.

Question 13

Which statement best describes the ATP cycle?

Accepted Answer

ATP is continuously rebuilt from ADP and phosphate using energy from glucose metabolism.

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a component of ATP?

Accepted Answer

Deoxyribose

Question 15

A scientist observes that after a muscle contracts, some energy is lost as heat. Which law of thermodynamics does this observation support?

Accepted Answer

Second Law of Thermodynamics

Chapter 8: Metabolism—Energy & Enzymes

Study Guide - Practice Questions