Question 1

Which of the following statements about the relative abundance of harmful versus beneficial bacteria is correct?

Accepted Answer

Beneficial bacteria far outnumber harmful bacteria.

Question 2

Which feature is shared by both Archaea and Bacteria?

Accepted Answer

Lack of membrane-bound organelles

Question 3

A microbiologist observes spherical bacterial cells arranged in clusters. How should these cells be classified by shape?

Accepted Answer

Cocci

Question 4

Which of the following is a key difference between gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria?

Accepted Answer

Gram-positive bacteria have a thick peptidoglycan layer.

Question 5

How does prokaryotic DNA differ from eukaryotic DNA?

Accepted Answer

Prokaryotic DNA is circular and located in the nucleoid region.

Question 6

A resistant cell produced by some prokaryotes that can survive harsh conditions is called a(n):

Accepted Answer

Endospore

Question 7

An organism’s mode of nutrition is determined by:

Accepted Answer

Its source of energy and its source of carbon

Question 8

A scientist discovers a new prokaryote in a hot spring that contains a chlorophyll-like pigment and an enzyme for fixing atmospheric CO$$_2. $$What is its likely mode of nutrition?

Accepted Answer

Photoautotrophy

Question 9

Prokaryotes that form organized colonies adhering to surfaces are called:

Accepted Answer

Biofilms

Question 10

Why is brushing your teeth more effective than just rinsing with mouthwash in removing the filmy coating in your mouth each morning?

Accepted Answer

Brushing physically disrupts biofilms that mouthwash cannot remove.

Question 11

Which of the following types of Archaea are found in the digestive tracts of cattle?

Accepted Answer

Methanogens

Question 12

Which group of bacteria includes members that perform plantlike photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Cyanobacteria

Question 13

Which of the following statements about botulinum toxin is correct?

Accepted Answer

Botulinum is used to relax facial muscles and reduce wrinkles.

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic shared by Archaea and Eukarya?

Accepted Answer

Presence of a nucleus

Question 15

Which of the following statements about protists is correct?

Accepted Answer

Protists are eukaryotic organisms that are not plants, animals, or fungi.

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a mode of nutrition found in the supergroup Excavata?

Accepted Answer

None of the above; all are found in Excavata.

Question 17

Which is the only clade of the 'SAR' supergroup that does NOT contain any autotrophs?

Accepted Answer

Alveolata

Question 18

Seaweed is often mistaken for a plant. Which statement best explains why this is a misunderstanding?

Accepted Answer

Seaweed is a protist, not a true plant, because it lacks true roots, stems, and leaves.

Question 19

Almost all members of Archaeplastida have which mode of nutrition?

Accepted Answer

Photoautotrophy

Question 20

Which protist group is considered the closest living relative to animals?

Accepted Answer

Choanoflagellates

Guided Study: Microbial Life – Prokaryotes and Protists

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