Question 1

Which property of carbon allows it to form the backbone of biological macromolecules?

Accepted Answer

It can form up to four covalent bonds with other atoms.

Question 2

Which of the following best describes a structural isomer?

Accepted Answer

Molecules with the same molecular formula but different arrangements of atoms.

Question 3

A dehydration synthesis reaction is essential for which biological process?

Accepted Answer

Linking monosaccharides to form polysaccharides.

Question 4

Which functional group is present in all amino acids and is responsible for their acidic properties?

Accepted Answer

Carboxyl group ($$-COOH)$$

Question 5

Which of the following statements about enantiomers is correct?

Accepted Answer

They are mirror images that cannot be superimposed.

Question 6

Which polysaccharide is used by plants for energy storage?

Accepted Answer

Starch

Question 7

What type of bond connects nucleotides in a nucleic acid strand?

Accepted Answer

Phosphodiester bond

Question 8

Which of the following is a difference between DNA and RNA?

Accepted Answer

DNA contains deoxyribose, while RNA contains ribose.

Question 9

Which level of protein structure is primarily determined by the sequence of amino acids?

Accepted Answer

Primary structure

Question 10

A protein exposed to high heat loses its three-dimensional structure and function. This process is called:

Accepted Answer

Denaturation

Question 11

Which of the following best explains why lipids are insoluble in water?

Accepted Answer

They have a high proportion of nonpolar C—H bonds.

Question 12

Which type of fatty acid has one or more double bonds in its hydrocarbon chain?

Accepted Answer

Unsaturated fatty acid

Question 13

What is the main function of phospholipids in cells?

Accepted Answer

Forming biological membranes

Question 14

Which of the following is a real-life example of a hydrolysis reaction?

Accepted Answer

Digesting starch into glucose in the human intestine

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the amphipathic nature of phospholipids?

Accepted Answer

They have both hydrophilic heads and hydrophobic tails.

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct base-pairing in DNA?

Accepted Answer

Adenine with Thymine

Question 17

A mutation changes a single amino acid in a protein. Which level(s) of protein structure could be affected?

Accepted Answer

Primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary

Question 18

Which of the following statements about glycogen is true?

Accepted Answer

It is an energy storage polysaccharide in animals.

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why enzymes can distinguish between glucose and galactose?

Accepted Answer

They are stereoisomers with different spatial arrangements.

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins?

Accepted Answer

Information storage

The Chemical Building Blocks of Life: Structure and Function of Biological Macromolecules

Study Guide - Practice Questions