$$\text{Frequency of APs} \propto \text{Stimulus Intensity}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the role of a sensory receptor in the nervous system?

Accepted Answer

A sensory receptor is a specialized cell that produces an electrical signal in response to an environmental stimulus.

Question 2

Which type of sensory receptor is responsible for detecting changes in temperature?

Accepted Answer

Thermoreceptor

Question 3

A person touches a hot stove and quickly withdraws their hand. Which sequence best describes the flow of information from the stimulus to the brain?

Accepted Answer

Pain receptor → Receptor potential → Action potential → CNS → Brain

Question 4

Which of the following statements about receptor potentials is correct?

Accepted Answer

Receptor potentials vary in size with the intensity of the stimulus.

Question 5

In the cochlea, what is the function of the hair cells?

Accepted Answer

They convert mechanical vibrations into receptor potentials, which lead to neurotransmitter release and action potentials in the auditory nerve.

Question 6

A person is unable to distinguish between red and green colors. Which of the following best explains this condition?

Accepted Answer

They lack functional photopigments in some cones due to a genetic mutation on the X chromosome.

Question 7

Which structure in the ear is responsible for equalizing air pressure across the tympanic membrane?

Accepted Answer

Auditory tube (Eustachian tube)

Question 8

Which of the following best describes how the brain distinguishes the pitch of a sound?

Accepted Answer

By interpreting which region of the basilar membrane in the cochlea is stimulated by vibrations of a particular frequency.

Question 9

Which of the following equations correctly represents the relationship between stimulus intensity and action potential frequency?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Frequency of APs} \propto 	ext{Stimulus Intensity}$$

Question 10

A patient complains of dizziness and loss of balance after a head injury. Which structure is most likely damaged?

Accepted Answer

Vestibular apparatus

Question 11

Which of the following best explains why foods taste bland when you have a cold?

Accepted Answer

Olfactory receptors are blocked, reducing the contribution of smell to flavor perception.

Question 12

Which of the following is true about the distribution of rods and cones in the human retina?

Accepted Answer

Rods are more abundant outside the fovea, while cones are concentrated in the fovea.

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the function of the semicircular canals?

Accepted Answer

They detect rotational movement of the head.

Question 14

Which of the following is a correct statement about pain receptors (nociceptors)?

Accepted Answer

They can be activated by high temperatures, excessive stretch, or chemicals released during injury.

Question 15

A person with a short eyeball or a flat cornea is likely to be:

Accepted Answer

Farsighted, with light focusing behind the retina.

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why predators often have forward-facing eyes?

Accepted Answer

Forward-facing eyes provide overlapping visual fields, allowing for depth perception.

Question 17

Which of the following is a function of supporting cells in taste buds?

Accepted Answer

They regulate the composition of interstitial fluid and help receptor cells function properly.

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the process of olfaction?

Accepted Answer

Odor molecules bind to receptor proteins on olfactory neurons, generating receptor potentials that may trigger action potentials sent to the brain.

Question 19

Which of the following is true about the perception of taste?

Accepted Answer

A single food can stimulate multiple types of taste receptors, and olfactory input contributes to the overall flavor.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the function of the choroid in the eye?

Accepted Answer

It provides nourishment to the retina and absorbs stray light to prevent scattering.

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Study Guide - Practice Questions