Some diuretics are on a list of substances that the International Olympic Committee has banned for use by athletes. What do diuretics do? Propose an explanation for how diuretic use could be an unfair advantage for a competitor in a sport like wrestling, in which weight classes are part of the competition.

Diuretics are substances that promote the excretion of water and salts from the body through urine. They are often used to treat conditions like hypertension and edema. In the context of sports, diuretics can lead to rapid weight loss by reducing body fluid, which can be particularly advantageous in weight-class sports.

Weight classes are divisions in competitive sports, such as wrestling, that categorize athletes based on their body weight. This system is designed to ensure fair competition by matching opponents of similar size and strength. Athletes who can manipulate their weight class through methods like diuretic use may gain an unfair advantage over competitors.

An unfair advantage in sports occurs when an athlete uses methods or substances that provide a competitive edge not available to others, violating the principles of fair play. In the case of diuretics, an athlete may artificially lower their weight to compete in a lower class, potentially facing opponents who are naturally heavier and stronger, thus undermining the integrity of the competition.