Textbook Question
Which of the following groupings includes the largest number of species? (Explain your answer.)
a. Invertebrates
b. Arthropods
c. Insects
d. Vertebrates
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Ch. 18 The Evolution of Invertebrate Diversity
Taylor, Simon, Dickey, Hogan10th EditionCampbell Biology: Concepts & ConnectionsISBN: 9780136538783
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Table of contents
- Ch. 1 Biology: The Study of Scientific Life19
- Ch. 2 The Chemical Basis of Life17
- Ch. 3 The Molecules of Cells21
- Ch. 4 A Tour of the Cell20
- Ch. 5 The Working Cell17
- Ch. 6 How Cells Harvest Chemical Energy18
- Ch. 7 Photosynthesis: Using Light to Make Food15
- Ch. 8 The Cellular Basis of Reproduction and Inheritance22
- Ch. 9 Patterns of Inheritance17
- Ch. 10 Molecular Biology of the Gene13
- Ch. 11 How Genes Are Controlled13
- Ch. 12 DNA Technology and Genomics23
- Ch. 13 How Populations Evolve17
- Ch. 14 The Origin of Species19
- Ch. 15 Tracing Evolutionary History18
- Ch. 16 Microbial Life: Prokaryotes and Protists16
- Ch. 17 The Evolution of Plant and Fungal Diversity15
- Ch. 18 The Evolution of Invertebrate Diversity13
- Ch. 19 The Evolution of Vertebrate Diversity18
- Ch. 20 Unifying Concepts of Animal Structure and Function11
- Ch. 21 Nutrition and Digestion16
- Ch. 22 Gas Exchange16
- Ch. 23 Circulation17
- Ch. 24 The Immune System16
- Ch. 25 Control of Body Temperature and Water Balance20
- Ch. 26 Hormones and the Endocrine System10
- Ch. 27 Reproduction and Embryonic Development12
- Ch. 28 Nervous Systems10
- Ch. 29 The Senses12
- Ch. 30 How Animals Move19
- Ch. 31 Plant Structure, Growth, and Reproduction9
- Ch. 32 Plant Nutrition and Transport12
- Ch. 33 Control Systems in Plants15
- Ch. 34 The Biosphere: An Introduction to Earth's Diverse Environments15
- Ch. 35 Behavioral Adaptations to the Environment12
- Ch. 36 Population Ecology15
- Ch. 37 Communities and Ecosystems14
- Ch. 38 Conservation Biology14
Taylor, Simon, Dickey, Hogan10th EditionCampbell Biology: Concepts & ConnectionsISBN: 9780136538783Not the one you use?Change textbook
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Taylor, Simon, Dickey, Hogan 10th EditionCh. 18 The Evolution of Invertebrate DiversityProblem 14
Taylor, Simon, Dickey, Hogan 10th EditionCh. 18 The Evolution of Invertebrate DiversityProblem 14Chapter 18, Problem 14
Match each description on the left with the corresponding term on the right Closest relatives of chordates
a. annelids
b. nematodes
c. sponges
d. arthropods
e. flatworms
f. cnidarians
g. molluscs
h. echinoderms
i. chordates
Verified step by step guidance1
Identify the key characteristics of chordates, which include a notochord, a dorsal hollow nerve cord, pharyngeal slits, and a post-anal tail at some point in their development.
Review the characteristics of the listed animal groups to determine which ones share the most features in common with chordates.
Focus on the evolutionary relationships and phylogenetic tree positioning of chordates relative to other animal groups.
Consider the developmental patterns, such as embryonic development stages and symmetry, which can provide insights into evolutionary relationships.
Conclude by matching the group that is evolutionarily closest to chordates, which are known for their deuterostome development pattern similar to that of chordates.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Chordates
Chordates are a diverse group of animals that share key features such as a notochord, dorsal nerve cord, pharyngeal slits, and post-anal tail at some stage of their development. This group includes vertebrates like mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and fish, as well as some invertebrate relatives. Understanding the characteristics of chordates is essential for identifying their closest relatives.
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Chordates
Phylogenetic Relationships
Phylogenetic relationships refer to the evolutionary connections between different groups of organisms, often depicted in a tree-like diagram called a phylogenetic tree. These relationships are determined based on shared characteristics and genetic data, helping to classify organisms according to their evolutionary history. Recognizing these relationships is crucial for matching chordates with their closest relatives.
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Deuterostomes vs. Protostomes
Deuterostomes and protostomes are two major groups of animals distinguished by their embryonic development. Deuterostomes, which include chordates and echinoderms, develop the anus from the blastopore, while protostomes, such as arthropods and molluscs, develop the mouth first. This distinction is important for understanding the evolutionary lineage of chordates and identifying their closest relatives among other animal groups.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
Which of the following animal groups does not have tissues derived from mesoderm?
a. Annelids
b. Echinoderms
c. Cnidarians
d. Flatworms
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Textbook Question
Molecular comparisons place nematodes and arthropods in clade Ecdysozoa. What characteristic do they share that is the basis for the name Ecdysozoa?
a. A complete digestive tract
b. Body segmentation
c. Molting of an exoskeleton
d. Bilateral symmetry
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Textbook Question
Compare the structure of a planarian (a flatworm) and an earthworm with regard to the following: digestive tract, body cavity, and segmentation.
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Textbook Question
One of the key characteristics of arthropods is their jointed appendages. Describe four functions of these appendages in four different arthropods.
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Textbook Question
A marine biologist has dredged up an unknown animal from the seafloor. Describe some of the characteristics that could be used to determine the animal phylum to which the creature should be assigned.
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