Textbook Question
Complete this summary map of photosynthesis.
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Ch. 7 Photosynthesis: Using Light to Make Food
Taylor, Simon, Dickey, Hogan10th EditionCampbell Biology: Concepts & ConnectionsISBN: 9780136538783
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Table of contents
- Ch. 1 Biology: The Study of Scientific Life19
- Ch. 2 The Chemical Basis of Life17
- Ch. 3 The Molecules of Cells21
- Ch. 4 A Tour of the Cell20
- Ch. 5 The Working Cell17
- Ch. 6 How Cells Harvest Chemical Energy18
- Ch. 7 Photosynthesis: Using Light to Make Food15
- Ch. 8 The Cellular Basis of Reproduction and Inheritance22
- Ch. 9 Patterns of Inheritance17
- Ch. 10 Molecular Biology of the Gene13
- Ch. 11 How Genes Are Controlled13
- Ch. 12 DNA Technology and Genomics23
- Ch. 13 How Populations Evolve17
- Ch. 14 The Origin of Species19
- Ch. 15 Tracing Evolutionary History18
- Ch. 16 Microbial Life: Prokaryotes and Protists16
- Ch. 17 The Evolution of Plant and Fungal Diversity15
- Ch. 18 The Evolution of Invertebrate Diversity13
- Ch. 19 The Evolution of Vertebrate Diversity18
- Ch. 20 Unifying Concepts of Animal Structure and Function11
- Ch. 21 Nutrition and Digestion16
- Ch. 22 Gas Exchange16
- Ch. 23 Circulation17
- Ch. 24 The Immune System16
- Ch. 25 Control of Body Temperature and Water Balance20
- Ch. 26 Hormones and the Endocrine System10
- Ch. 27 Reproduction and Embryonic Development12
- Ch. 28 Nervous Systems10
- Ch. 29 The Senses12
- Ch. 30 How Animals Move19
- Ch. 31 Plant Structure, Growth, and Reproduction9
- Ch. 32 Plant Nutrition and Transport12
- Ch. 33 Control Systems in Plants15
- Ch. 34 The Biosphere: An Introduction to Earth's Diverse Environments15
- Ch. 35 Behavioral Adaptations to the Environment12
- Ch. 36 Population Ecology15
- Ch. 37 Communities and Ecosystems14
- Ch. 38 Conservation Biology14
Taylor, Simon, Dickey, Hogan10th EditionCampbell Biology: Concepts & ConnectionsISBN: 9780136538783Not the one you use?Change textbook
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Taylor, Simon, Dickey, Hogan 10th EditionCh. 7 Photosynthesis: Using Light to Make FoodProblem 2
Taylor, Simon, Dickey, Hogan 10th EditionCh. 7 Photosynthesis: Using Light to Make FoodProblem 2Chapter 7, Problem 2
In photosynthesis, _________ is oxidized and _________ is reduced.
a. Water . . . Oxygen
b. Carbon dioxide . . . Water
c. Water . . . Carbon dioxide
d. Glucose . . . Carbon dioxide
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the concept of oxidation and reduction: Oxidation involves the loss of electrons, while reduction involves the gain of electrons. In photosynthesis, these processes occur during the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.
Recall the overall chemical equation for photosynthesis: . This equation shows the transformation of carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen.
Identify the molecule that is oxidized: In photosynthesis, water () is split during the light-dependent reactions, releasing oxygen () and losing electrons. This is an oxidation process.
Identify the molecule that is reduced: Carbon dioxide () is reduced during the Calvin cycle (light-independent reactions) to form glucose (). This involves the gain of electrons.
Match the correct answer choice based on the oxidation and reduction processes: Water is oxidized, and carbon dioxide is reduced. Therefore, the correct answer is c. water . . . carbon dioxide.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis is the biochemical process by which green plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy into chemical energy, specifically glucose. This process occurs primarily in the chloroplasts of plant cells and involves two main stages: the light-dependent reactions and the Calvin cycle. During photosynthesis, carbon dioxide and water are used to produce glucose and oxygen, highlighting the transformation of energy and matter in ecosystems.
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Pigments of Photosynthesis
Oxidation and Reduction
Oxidation and reduction are chemical processes that involve the transfer of electrons between substances. Oxidation refers to the loss of electrons, while reduction refers to the gain of electrons. In the context of photosynthesis, water is oxidized to release oxygen, and carbon dioxide is reduced to form glucose, illustrating how energy is captured and stored in organic molecules.
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Role of Water and Carbon Dioxide
Water and carbon dioxide are essential reactants in the photosynthetic process. Water provides the electrons needed for the light-dependent reactions and is split to release oxygen as a byproduct. Carbon dioxide, on the other hand, is fixed during the Calvin cycle to produce glucose, serving as a carbon source for the synthesis of organic compounds that fuel plant growth and energy needs.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
Which of the following are produced by reactions that take place in the thylakoids and consumed by reactions in the stroma?
a. CO₂ and H₂O
b. ATP and NADPH
c. ATP, NADPH, and CO₂
d. ATP, NADPH, and O₂
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Textbook Question
When light strikes chlorophyll molecules in the reaction-center complex, they lose electrons, which are ultimately replaced by
a. Splitting water
b. Oxidizing NADPH
c. The primary electron acceptor
d. The electron transport chain
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Textbook Question
The reactions of the Calvin cycle are not directly dependent on light, but they usually do not occur at night. Why? (Explain your answer.)
a. It is often too cold at night for these reactions to take place.
b. Carbon dioxide concentrations decrease at night.
c. The Calvin cycle depends on products of the light reactions.
d. Plants usually close their stomata at night.
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