Multiple Choice
In eukaryotic cells, what is the primary job of the mitochondria?
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11. Aerobic Respiration
Mitochondria
Multiple Choice
In eukaryotic cells, what is the primary function of mitochondria?
A
Generate most cellular ATP through aerobic respiration (citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation)
B
Synthesize proteins by translating mRNA on ribosomes in the cytosol
C
Modify, sort, and package proteins for secretion via the endomembrane system
D
Store genetic information as the cell's main repository of DNA and regulate transcription
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand the role of mitochondria in eukaryotic cells by recalling their main function related to energy production.
Step 2: Recognize that mitochondria are often called the 'powerhouses' of the cell because they generate ATP, the cell's energy currency.
Step 3: Recall the processes involved in ATP production within mitochondria, specifically aerobic respiration, which includes the citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation.
Step 4: Differentiate mitochondria from other organelles by noting that protein synthesis by translating mRNA occurs in the cytosol on ribosomes, not in mitochondria.
Step 5: Also distinguish mitochondria from organelles involved in protein modification and packaging (like the Golgi apparatus) and from the nucleus, which stores genetic information and regulates transcription.
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