Multiple Choice
In eukaryotic cells, what is the main function of mitochondria?
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11. Aerobic Respiration
Mitochondria
Multiple Choice
Which option best describes the primary function of mitochondria in eukaryotic cells?
A
They modify, sort, and package proteins and lipids for transport in the endomembrane system.
B
They store genetic information as the cell’s main repository of chromosomal DNA.
C
They synthesize proteins for secretion on ribosomes bound to the rough endoplasmic reticulum.
D
They generate ATP by carrying out aerobic respiration, including oxidative phosphorylation.
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand the role of mitochondria by recalling their main function in eukaryotic cells, which is related to energy production.
Step 2: Recognize that mitochondria are often called the 'powerhouses' of the cell because they generate ATP, the cell's energy currency.
Step 3: Recall the process of aerobic respiration, which occurs in mitochondria and includes glycolysis (in the cytoplasm), the citric acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation.
Step 4: Differentiate mitochondria from other organelles by noting that they are not primarily involved in protein modification (Golgi apparatus), genetic information storage (nucleus), or protein synthesis on rough ER ribosomes.
Step 5: Conclude that the best description of mitochondria's primary function is their role in generating ATP through aerobic respiration, including oxidative phosphorylation.
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