Multiple Choice
What is the primary function of mitochondria in eukaryotic cells?
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11. Aerobic Respiration
Mitochondria
Multiple Choice
In eukaryotic cells, what is the primary job of the mitochondria?
A
Produce most cellular ATP through aerobic respiration (oxidative phosphorylation)
B
Synthesize proteins by translating mRNA on ribosomes in the cytosol
C
Modify and package proteins and lipids for secretion
D
Store genetic information as chromosomal DNA and control gene expression
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand the role of mitochondria in eukaryotic cells. Mitochondria are often called the 'powerhouses' of the cell because they generate energy.
Step 2: Recall that mitochondria produce ATP, the main energy currency of the cell, through a process called aerobic respiration, which includes oxidative phosphorylation.
Step 3: Differentiate mitochondria from other organelles: Ribosomes synthesize proteins by translating mRNA, the Golgi apparatus modifies and packages proteins and lipids, and the nucleus stores genetic information and controls gene expression.
Step 4: Recognize that the primary function of mitochondria is to produce most of the cell's ATP by converting energy from nutrients using oxygen.
Step 5: Conclude that the correct answer is the one describing ATP production through aerobic respiration (oxidative phosphorylation), as this is the main job of mitochondria.
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