Multiple Choice
Which organelle is directly responsible for carrying out translation (protein synthesis) in eukaryotic cells?
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5. DNA to RNA to Protein
Translation
Multiple Choice
In the context of translation, which organelle (cellular structure) is responsible for synthesizing proteins?
A
Golgi apparatus
B
Lysosome
C
Mitochondrion
D
Ribosome
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the process of translation, which is the synthesis of proteins from messenger RNA (mRNA) templates.
Recall that translation occurs in the cytoplasm where ribosomes read the mRNA sequence to assemble amino acids into polypeptide chains.
Identify the organelle responsible for this process: ribosomes, which can be free-floating in the cytoplasm or attached to the rough endoplasmic reticulum.
Differentiate ribosomes from other organelles listed: Golgi apparatus modifies and packages proteins, lysosomes digest cellular waste, and mitochondria generate energy.
Conclude that the ribosome is the cellular structure responsible for synthesizing proteins during translation.
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