Multiple Choice
In eukaryotic cells, which organelle is the primary site of translation (protein synthesis)?
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5. DNA to RNA to Protein
Translation
Multiple Choice
In the context of translation, what is the primary purpose of the ribosome in the cell?
A
To modify and sort proteins for secretion by adding carbohydrate groups and packaging them into vesicles
B
To synthesize mRNA by assembling ribonucleotides using a DNA template
C
To synthesize proteins by reading mRNA codons and catalyzing peptide bond formation between amino acids
D
To replicate DNA by unwinding the double helix and adding complementary nucleotides
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand the process of translation in the cell, which is the synthesis of proteins from messenger RNA (mRNA).
Step 2: Recognize that the ribosome is the molecular machine responsible for reading the sequence of codons (triplets of nucleotides) on the mRNA.
Step 3: Know that the ribosome facilitates the binding of transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules, each carrying a specific amino acid corresponding to the mRNA codon.
Step 4: The ribosome catalyzes the formation of peptide bonds between adjacent amino acids, linking them into a growing polypeptide chain.
Step 5: Conclude that the primary purpose of the ribosome is to synthesize proteins by translating the genetic code carried by mRNA into a sequence of amino acids.
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