Multiple Choice
Which structure helps distribute chromosomes to new cells during cell division?
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15. Cytoskeleton and Cell Movement
Microtubules and Cell Division
Multiple Choice
What is the primary role of spindle fibers (microtubules) during cell division?
A
They synthesize the nuclear envelope to re-form two nuclei at the end of mitosis.
B
They attach to chromosomes at kinetochores and move sister chromatids (or homologous chromosomes) to opposite poles of the cell.
C
They form the cleavage furrow by constricting an actin-myosin ring during cytokinesis.
D
They replicate DNA by unwinding the double helix and synthesizing complementary strands.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand that spindle fibers are composed of microtubules, which are dynamic structures involved in cell division.
Recognize that during mitosis, spindle fibers attach to chromosomes at specific protein complexes called kinetochores located on the centromere region.
Know that the main function of spindle fibers is to exert forces that separate sister chromatids (in mitosis) or homologous chromosomes (in meiosis) by pulling them toward opposite poles of the cell.
Realize that this movement ensures that each daughter cell receives an identical set of chromosomes, which is crucial for genetic stability.
Distinguish this role from other processes such as nuclear envelope reformation, cleavage furrow formation, or DNA replication, which are carried out by different cellular components.
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