Multiple Choice
During translation, what tells a ribosome how to assemble a protein (i.e., specifies the amino acid sequence)?
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5. DNA to RNA to Protein
Translation
Multiple Choice
In eukaryotic cells, where does translation (protein synthesis) primarily occur?
A
Inside lysosomes where proteins are assembled from amino acids
B
On ribosomes in the cytosol, including those bound to the rough endoplasmic reticulum
C
In the Golgi apparatus where mRNA is converted into protein
D
In the nucleus on chromatin during DNA replication
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand that translation is the process by which proteins are synthesized from messenger RNA (mRNA) templates.
Recall that translation occurs in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells, specifically on ribosomes, which are the molecular machines that read mRNA sequences and assemble amino acids into polypeptide chains.
Recognize that ribosomes can be free-floating in the cytosol or attached to the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER), both serving as sites for protein synthesis.
Eliminate incorrect options by knowing that lysosomes are involved in degradation, the Golgi apparatus modifies and sorts proteins but does not synthesize them, and the nucleus is the site of transcription and DNA replication, not translation.
Conclude that the primary location of translation in eukaryotic cells is on ribosomes in the cytosol, including those bound to the rough endoplasmic reticulum.
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