Multiple Choice
Which organelle is primarily responsible for producing ATP in eukaryotic cells through oxidative phosphorylation?
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11. Aerobic Respiration
Mitochondria
Multiple Choice
In eukaryotic cells, what is the primary role of mitochondria?
A
To store genetic information as the cell’s primary genome in the nucleus
B
To synthesize proteins by translating mRNA on ribosomes in the cytosol
C
To generate ATP through aerobic respiration (e.g., the citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation)
D
To modify, sort, and package proteins for secretion via the Golgi apparatus
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand the function of mitochondria in eukaryotic cells. Mitochondria are often called the 'powerhouses' of the cell because they produce energy.
Step 2: Recall that mitochondria generate ATP, the cell's main energy currency, through processes such as the citric acid cycle (Krebs cycle) and oxidative phosphorylation.
Step 3: Differentiate mitochondria from other organelles: the nucleus stores genetic information, ribosomes synthesize proteins, and the Golgi apparatus modifies and packages proteins.
Step 4: Recognize that the primary role of mitochondria is not related to storing genetic information or protein synthesis but to energy production via aerobic respiration.
Step 5: Conclude that the correct answer is that mitochondria generate ATP through aerobic respiration, which supports the cell's energy needs.
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