Given functions f and g, find (a) and its domain. See Examples 6 and 7.
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Identify the given functions: \(f(x) = 8x + 12\) and \(g(x) = 3x - 1\).
Recall that the composition of functions \((f \circ g)(x)\) means \(f(g(x))\), which is the function \(f\) evaluated at \(g(x)\).
Substitute \(g(x)\) into \(f(x)\): replace every \(x\) in \(f(x)\) with \(g(x)\), so \((f \circ g)(x) = f(3x - 1) = 8(3x - 1) + 12\).
Simplify the expression by distributing and combining like terms to write \((f \circ g)(x)\) in standard form.
Determine the domain of \((f \circ g)(x)\) by considering the domain of \(g(x)\) and the domain of \(f\) evaluated at \(g(x)\). Since both \(f\) and \(g\) are linear functions, their domains are all real numbers, so the domain of \((f \circ g)(x)\) is all real numbers.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Function Composition
Function composition involves applying one function to the result of another, denoted as (f∘g)(x) = f(g(x)). It means you first evaluate g(x), then use that output as the input for f. Understanding this process is essential to correctly find (f∘g)(x).
The domain of (f∘g)(x) consists of all x-values in the domain of g for which g(x) is in the domain of f. This means you must consider restrictions from both functions to determine where the composition is defined.
Both f(x) = 8x + 12 and g(x) = 3x - 1 are linear functions, which are defined for all real numbers. Recognizing this helps simplify finding the domain of the composite function, as there are no domain restrictions from either function.