Textbook Question
Which of the following complexes can exist as enantiomers? Draw their structures.
(a) [Cr(en)3]3+
(b) cis-[Co(NH3)Cl]2+
(c) trans-[Co(en)2(NH3)Cl]2+
(d) [Pt(NH3)3Cl3]+
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Ch.21 - Transition Elements and Coordination Chemistry
McMurry8th EditionChemistryISBN: 9781292336145
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Table of contents
- Ch.1 - Chemical Tools: Experimentation & Measurement170
- Ch.2 - Atoms, Molecules & Ions160
- Ch.3 - Mass Relationships in Chemical Reactions169
- Ch.4 - Reactions in Aqueous Solution199
- Ch.5 - Periodicity & Electronic Structure of Atoms102
- Ch.6 - Ionic Compounds: Periodic Trends and Bonding Theory92
- Ch.7 - Covalent Bonding and Electron-Dot Structures61
- Ch.8 - Covalent Compounds: Bonding Theories and Molecular Structure59
- Ch.9 - Thermochemistry: Chemical Energy122
- Ch.10 - Gases: Their Properties & Behavior155
- Ch.11 - Liquids & Phase Changes54
- Ch.12 - Solids and Solid-State Materials73
- Ch.13 - Solutions & Their Properties120
- Ch.14 - Chemical Kinetics98
- Ch.15 - Chemical Equilibrium125
- Ch.16 - Aqueous Equilibria: Acids & Bases110
- Ch.17 - Applications of Aqueous Equilibria147
- Ch.18 - Thermodynamics: Entropy, Free Energy & Equilibrium86
- Ch.19 - Electrochemistry154
- Ch.20 - Nuclear Chemistry96
- Ch.21 - Transition Elements and Coordination Chemistry156
- Ch.22 - The Main Group Elements187
- Ch.23 - Organic and Biological Chemistry51
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McMurry 8th EditionCh.21 - Transition Elements and Coordination ChemistryProblem 21.84a
McMurry 8th EditionCh.21 - Transition Elements and Coordination ChemistryProblem 21.84aChapter 21, Problem 21.84a
Constitutional isomers of a ruthenium(II) coordination compound are shown below.
(a) Give the formula and name for structures 1-3.
(b) Which structures are linkage isomers?
(c) Which structures are ionization isomers?
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand the concept of constitutional isomers. Constitutional isomers are compounds with the same molecular formula but different connectivity of atoms. In coordination chemistry, this can involve different arrangements of ligands around the central metal atom.
Step 2: Identify the formula and name for each structure. Examine each structure to determine the ligands attached to the ruthenium(II) center and their arrangement. Use IUPAC naming conventions for coordination compounds to name each structure.
Step 3: Determine which structures are linkage isomers. Linkage isomers occur when a ligand can coordinate to the metal center through different atoms. Look for ligands that can bind through multiple atoms, such as NO2- (which can bind through nitrogen or oxygen).
Step 4: Identify which structures are ionization isomers. Ionization isomers occur when a ligand inside the coordination sphere can exchange places with an anion or neutral molecule outside the coordination sphere. Compare the structures to see if any such exchanges have occurred.
Step 5: Summarize your findings. List the formula and name for each structure, identify the linkage isomers, and identify the ionization isomers based on your analysis.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Coordination Compounds
Coordination compounds consist of a central metal atom or ion bonded to surrounding molecules or ions called ligands. The arrangement and types of ligands can lead to different structural forms, known as isomers. Understanding the basic structure of coordination compounds is essential for identifying and naming the various isomers presented in the question.
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Coordination Compound Naming
Isomerism in Coordination Compounds
Isomerism in coordination compounds occurs when two or more compounds have the same formula but different arrangements of atoms. Linkage isomers arise when a ligand can attach to the metal in different ways, while ionization isomers differ in the ions that are present in solution. Recognizing these types of isomerism is crucial for answering parts (b) and (c) of the question.
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Nomenclature of Coordination Compounds
The nomenclature of coordination compounds follows specific rules set by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC). This includes naming the ligands, indicating their number, and specifying the oxidation state of the metal. Properly applying these rules is necessary to accurately provide the names and formulas for the structures in part (a) of the question.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
Predict the crystal field energy-level diagram for a linear ML2 complex that has two ligands along the :
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Textbook Question
Predict the number of unpaired electrons for each of the following.
(a) Sc3+
(b) Co2+
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Textbook Question
Nickel(II) complexes with the formula NiX2L2, where X− is Cl− or N-bonded NCS− and L is the monodentate triphenylphosphine ligand P(C6H5)3, can be square planar or tetrahedral.
(a) Draw crystal field energy-level diagrams for a square planar and a tetrahedral nickel(II) complex, and show the population of the orbitals.
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Textbook Question
Assign a systematic name to each of the following ions.
(a) [AuCl4]-
(b) [Fe(CN)6]4-
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Textbook Question
For each of the following complexes, describe the bonding using valence bond theory. Include orbital diagrams for the free metal ion and the metal ion in the complex. Indicate which hybrid orbitals the metal ion uses for bonding, and specify the number of unpaired electrons.
(a) [AuCl4]2 (square planar)
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