Textbook Question
Cyclopropane, a gas used with oxygen as a general anesthetic, is composed of 85.7% C and 14.3% H by mass. a. If 1.56 g of cyclopropane has a volume of 1.00 L at 0.984 atm and 50.0°C, what is the molecular formula of cyclopropane?
Ch.10 - Gases
Brown15th EditionChemistry: The Central ScienceISBN: 9780137542970
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Table of contents
- Ch.1 - Introduction: Matter, Energy, and Measurement111
- Ch.2 - Atoms, Molecules, and Ions166
- Ch.3 - Chemical Reactions and Reaction Stoichiometry138
- Ch.4 - Reactions in Aqueous Solution127
- Ch.5 - Thermochemistry104
- Ch.6 - Electronic Structure of Atoms109
- Ch.7 - Periodic Properties of the Elements107
- Ch.8 - Basic Concepts of Chemical Bonding102
- Ch.9 - Molecular Geometry and Bonding Theories120
- Ch.10 - Gases122
- Ch.11 - Liquids and Intermolecular Forces79
- Ch.12 - Solids and Modern Materials102
- Ch.13 - Properties of Solutions99
- Ch.14 - Chemical Kinetics153
- Ch.15 - Chemical Equilibrium83
- Ch.16 - Acid-Base Equilibria109
- Ch.17 - Additional Aspects of Aqueous Equilibria117
- Ch.18 - Chemistry of the Environment60
- Ch.19 - Chemical Thermodynamics109
- Ch.20 - Electrochemistry113
- Ch.21 - Nuclear Chemistry79
- Ch.22 - Chemistry of the Nonmetals52
- Ch.23 - Transition Metals and Coordination Chemistry57
- Ch.24 - The Chemistry of Life: Organic and Biological Chemistry7
Brown15th EditionChemistry: The Central ScienceISBN: 9780137542970Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 10, Problem 107g
Consider the following gases, all at STP: Ne, SF6, N2, CH4. (g) Which one would have the largest van der Waals b parameter?
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Understand that the van der Waals b parameter is related to the volume occupied by the gas molecules themselves. It is larger for gases with larger or more complex molecules.
Identify the molecular weights and structures of the given gases: Ne (Neon), SF_6 (Sulfur hexafluoride), N_2 (Nitrogen), and CH_4 (Methane).
Recognize that SF_6 is a larger and more complex molecule compared to Ne, N_2, and CH_4, due to its six fluorine atoms surrounding a sulfur atom.
Recall that the van der Waals b parameter increases with the size and complexity of the molecule, as larger molecules occupy more space.
Conclude that SF_6, being the largest and most complex molecule among the given gases, would have the largest van der Waals b parameter.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Van der Waals Forces
Van der Waals forces are weak intermolecular forces that arise from temporary dipoles in molecules. These forces include attractions between neutral molecules and are significant in understanding the behavior of gases and liquids. The strength of these forces can influence properties such as boiling points and solubility.
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Van der Waals Equation
Van der Waals b Parameter
The Van der Waals b parameter represents the volume occupied by one mole of a gas at a given temperature and pressure, accounting for the finite size of gas molecules. A larger b value indicates that the molecules are larger or more complex, leading to greater repulsive interactions. This parameter is crucial for understanding deviations from ideal gas behavior.
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STP Conditions
Standard Temperature and Pressure (STP) refers to a set of conditions commonly used in chemistry, defined as 0 degrees Celsius (273.15 K) and 1 atmosphere of pressure. Under these conditions, the behavior of gases can be compared more easily, and properties such as molar volume can be standardized, aiding in the analysis of different gases.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
Consider the following gases, all at STP: Ne, SF6, N2, CH4. (d) Which one has the highest total molecular volume relative to the space occupied by the gas?
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Textbook Question
Consider the following gases, all at STP: Ne, SF6, N2, CH4. (a) Which gas is most likely to depart from the assumption of the kinetic-molecular theory that says there are no attractive or repulsive forces between molecules?
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Textbook Question
Consider the following gases, all at STP: Ne, SF6, N2, CH4. (f) Which one would effuse more rapidly than N2?
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Textbook Question
An herbicide is found to contain only C, H, N, and Cl. The complete combustion of a 100.0-mg sample of the herbicide in excess oxygen produces 83.16 mL of CO2 and 73.30 mL of H2O vapor expressed at STP. A separate analysis shows that the sample also contains 16.44 mg of Cl. (b) Calculate its empirical formula.
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